VSWR / Return Loss / Reflection Coefficient Converter

Enter any one of the four equivalent match-quality metrics and all others update instantly. These four quantities are all different ways of expressing the same physical thing — how well two impedances are matched.

Equations & Parameters ▸

VSWR	Voltage Standing Wave Ratio = (1+\|Γ\|)/(1−\|Γ\|). Perfect match = 1. Typically target ≤ 2.
\|Γ\|	Reflection coefficient magnitude 0–1. 0 = perfect match, 1 = total reflection.
RL	Return loss = −20·log₁₀\|Γ\| dB. Higher = better. Common target > 10 dB.
ML	Mismatch loss = −10·log₁₀(1−\|Γ\|²) dB. Power lost to reflection.

Physical constants used

c	Speed of light = 2.998×10⁸ m/s
µ₀	Permeability of free space = 4π×10⁻⁷ H/m ≈ 1.2566×10⁻⁶ H/m
ε₀	Permittivity of free space = 8.854×10⁻¹² F/m

Enter any one value

VSWR

≥ 1

Reflection coeff., \u0393

0 to 1

Return loss, RL

positive dB

Mismatch loss, ML

power lost to reflection

Results

Match Quality

VSWR—

|Γ|—

Return Loss (dB)—

Mismatch Loss (dB)—

Transmission (%)—

Diagram

📖 Learn about S-parameters and reflection →